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What are the terms of bulk transport?
Apr 26, 2024|
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F.L.T. (Full Liner Terms)
Pipe loading and unloading. The shipowner is responsible for loading and unloading. In case of heavy parts that cannot be operated by shore crane and ship crane, the shipowner will also report the cost of crane. Mainly applicable to machinery, equipment, vehicles, etc
F.I.O. (Free In & Out)
Load or unload. The shipooner is not responsible for loading and unloading, outside the loading and unloading costs, the shipooner is only responsible for receiving and delivering the goods in the hold, and the charterer employs loading and unloading workers at the loading and unloading port and bears the loading and unloading costs. Mainly suitable for cement, fertilizer, ore and other bulk bulk groceries. It is generally necessary to provide port handling rates.
F.I.L.O. Clause (Free In Liner Out)
The pipe is unloaded without loading. The shipowner is not responsible for loading, but for discharging. Under this clause, the shipowner is only responsible for receiving the cargo in hold at the port of loading, the cost of loading is to be borne by the shipowner, and the costs incurred at the port of discharge are to be borne by the shipowner. This clause mainly applies to general goods such as steel.
L.I.F.O. Clause (Liner In Free Out)
The pipe is loaded and unloaded. The shipowner is only responsible for loading, not unloading. In accordance with this clause, the shipowner shall pay the loading charge at the port of loading, and the shipowner shall only be responsible for the delivery of the goods in hold at the port of discharge, and the unloading charge shall be borne by the Charterer. This clause is rarely used.
F.I.O.S.T (Free In & Out, Stowed, Trimmed)
Regardless of handling and leveling charges. This clause is in complete contrast to the liner clause, in which the owner is not responsible for all charges relating to the handling of the cargo and all charges relating to the handling of the cargo are to be borne by the Charterer. Under this clause, the lashing charges and the necessary lashing materials for the shipment of large cargo shall also be borne by the Charterer.
In order to avoid unnecessary disputes, the word "LASHED" should be specified in the contract when transporting bulk goods to indicate that the shipowner is not responsible for the lashing fee. Similarly, if the words "DUNNAGES" are appended to the aforesaid provision, it indicates that the shipowner is not responsible for the expenses of dunnages in addition to the expenses mentioned above.
